Most statistical analyses of accidents are based on either frequency or severity or both. The standard frequency rate represents the number of disabling injuries for given man hours of exposure. The standard severity rate is the total time charged as a result of lost time injury for a given number of man hours of exposure. Thus the frequency rate indicates how many injuries are occurring in relation to number of man hours worked and the severity rate indicates how severe those injuries are in terms of wage lost in relation to hours of exposure. The safety engineer is concerned with reducing both frequency with which accident occurs and the frequency with which they threaten. He wants to know why a man fell off a ladder even if no injurious injuries resulted. The severity rate, which takes into account the extent and severness of the injuries, is also closely associated with the efficiency of the safety programme. If an employee receives laceration and abrasion in falling from ladder, ...
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